Know About Latest Software List For Civil Engineering

For Architecture Purpose:

• Auto Cad ( 2D + 3D )
• Revit Architecture ( Only Rendering )
• 3D Max ( Live Rendering )
• Google Sketchup 

For Structural Purpose:

• Revit MEP
• Etabs
• STADD Pro
• Tekla
• Safe 
• Naviswork
• SAP 2000

For Management Purpose:

• MS Exel
• MS Project
• Primveera P6 

For Surveying Purpose:

• ArcGIS
• GPS

For Designing of Road Purpose:

• Civil 3D
• MX Road

For Estimating Purpose:

• Autodesk Quantity Take Off:
• PlanSwift 
• Coconstruct
• e Take off
• Stack
• Pro Stack

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Bamboo Facts In Construction Field

We seen most of the construction are constructing by concrete, brick, reinforcement & some are constructing by Bamboo especially hotels, restaurants, gardens, farm houses, etc 

Structure of Bamboo:

• Bamboo is a natural material so, it varries in diameter, length
• It is brown in color
• There is no cross fibres 
• It has a rounded in shape
• Bamboo is a hollow in structure, in bamboo there is no material
• The surface of bamboo is very hard & shiny
  

                                                

 Fact About Bamboo:

• It is in high strength
• It is highly strong than steel reinforcement
• It is earthquake proof
• Bamboo can prevent pollution
• It is light build
• It is also a engineering material 
• It is also used in foreign countries like U.S., U.K., Germany, etc
• First, bamboo was used by U.S. Army Engineer
  

Features:

• It is environment friendly
• It improves aesthetic view of building. 
• It is bio degradable & renewable material
• Bamboo is a durable material
• Also it is strong in bond
• Bamboo is used in beam, column instead of steel reinforcement.

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Modular Construction

Modular Construction is most useful in construction industry also modular construction method increase popularity day by day. Modular construction is also known as prefabricated construction. Simply, modular construction means components is in readymade  which are used in construction of structure. This method is also popular for constructing of green building.

Concept: In that method building component are manufactured  in industry under supervision and quality.

This method is used for structures which are constructed in congested or short area and some problems are occurred on site related to transportation of material, abandoned space is not available for storing of material, etc.

Why increase popularity?

• This method is suitable for structures constructed in short area, where no accessibility of vehicles.
• It is flexible.
• It reduces the time & make faster process.
• This method gives better strength compare to building constructed on site.
• It is nature friendly.
• Provides safety during construction.
• Building makes soundproof.
• It reduces the cost.

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Rebar Coupler

Rebar Coupler is a coupler which is used in construction. Construction sector is a biggest contributer in GDP ( Growth Domestic Product ) of country. The construction sector is one of the sector which is always up side and day by day it is incresing & also providing employability for poor uneducated people.

Why use ?

Generally, lapping joints are provided but lapping joints are not appropriatee & lapping joints are always depended on concrete. Also it is time consuming , difficult in design and installation process but rebar coupler is opposite to that.

Features of Rebar Coupler:

• It is more suitable & effective.
• It is high strength.
• It contain high carbon content.
  
• It increase quality of project.
• It require less time for installation.
  
• It saves the still which is used for lapping length.
• It reduce the still wastage.
  
  
• Bar cross sectional area is not reduced.
• Bend still are not required.

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Hyperloop - The New Technology in Transportation

Hyperloop is a new invention in the field of transport. Now, in transportation we use four modes such as road, railway, water, air. These mode of transportation are relatively expensive & slow ( water, air ). The transportation plays a very vital role in the development of country. Transportation is also affect on the GDP of the country.  

In crowdy places a transport service is not effectivly implemented & the worse effect on the passenger service so hyperloop is a most standard and convenient method. 

Advantages:

• Faster 
• Safer
• Environment Friendly
• Lower Cost 
• Convenient
• Earthquake Resistance
  
  
  

System Highlights:

• It is a tube shape like circle
• The tube are made up of steel
• It is a fastest loop
• It is self powered
• In one capsule of loop generally 30-35 persons are traveled with proper manner also it is joined by other capsule according to situation
• Tubes are covered with solar pannels

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Emerging Technology : Self Healing Concrete

In the construction sector some new invention occur such as Self Healing Concrete. Some critical problems are occur in the concrete which is occur due to variation of temperature,mixing, curing is not done properly, etc. Solution for that problem is coming called as Self Healing Concrete. 

Why need ?

• For avoiding the cracks which are developed in concrete.
• To avoiding water seeps through concrete pores
• Concrete is well stand with compressive strength but not  enough stands with tensile strength.
• Structure built in underground for marine then there is salt present in water & that salt penetrates into concrete result in corrosion of reinforcement in concrete.
• For removing bacteria like rust, salt, etc which are present in concrete.

Ingridients:

• Concrete : 1) Cement 2) Sand 3) Aggregate 4) Water
• Bacillus
• Calcium Lactate 
• Nitrogen
• Phosphate
  
  
  
  

Advantages:

• Increase strength of concrete
• Cracks can be reduced
• Corrosion of reinforcement are reduced like negligible
• It reduce the permeability
• Maintenance cost is lower
• It has lower water absorption
• It provide the better resistance against snow attack & frezing

Disadvantages:

• The uses of self healing concrete is limited to structure because it contain bacteria & it is not good for human health

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Zojila Tunnel : Upcoming Infrastructure in India

Overview of project :

1) Asia's longest tunnel

2) Zojila project is situated at altitude of 3000 m  on Srinagar - Kargil - Leh national highway.

3) Srinagar to Leh requires 3 hours & it will reduce to 15 minute

4) It will be 14.15 km longest tunnel

5) In that tunnel proposed CCTV cameras, fire fighting system, emergency telephones will be provided

*Remember Zojila Tunnel will coming soon it is just a overview.

Thermal Bridging

What is thermal bridging ?

Thermal Bridging is also known as cold bridge or heat bridge. Thermal bridging creates a least resistance for heat transfer. It is a component of object which has a higher thermal conductivity than other object. As possible as avoid the thermal bridging at any point. It develops in any part  of the building

Concept:

Simply, where there is a connection between inside and outside in that place develop higher thermal conductivity than other part of building .

Generally,thermal conductivity develop at frames such as window, door, etc which are connected to wall. Also develop wall to wall, steel or concrete members, roof, etc.

By avoiding thermal bridging, help to us for energy saving, increase in lifespan of building, also reduce cost

How to avoid thermal bridging?

   

• Design a building properly
• By providing thermal insulation properly
• By providing reinforced concrete
• By providing protection layer
• By providing brick masonry
• By providing mineral wool

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Environment & Health Friendly - Smart Mobile Radiation Chip

Mobile is a most important part of  our daily routine. Now, all world are digital & most of work are online like shopping, also a educastion. Some advantages & disadvantages of  mobile & advantages are well know but disadvantages are vary danger

Disadvantages:

• Mobile transfer the toxic radiations to not only on our body but also on environment
• Due to transfering radiation waves result is very dangerious diseas like headache, migrane, braintumer, amnesia, etc  are occur in our body
• After long time seeing of mobile screen the water is coming from the eye

• Also impact on health hazard like risk to children, DNA damage, skin problem, ear damage, sleep disorder, increases in cancer causes attributed by WHO ( World Health Orgnization ) 

Ingridients used for making of chip:

  

• Cow dung
• Cow urine
• Blood sandalwood

                                                                                                                                               

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World's Longest Highway Tunnel

           Worlds longest highway tunnel is situated in Rohtang which is a part of Himachal Pradesh in India. It become a hotspot of tourist. This tunnel produce a milestone in infrastructure development of India. This tunnel is inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. It provides the new strength to the border infrastructure of country.

• Challenge:

Most challenging work is to continue exavate land during snow fall, winter 

• Shockable News:

During the progression of tunnel total 42 labourers are died beacuse of the cloud burst and flash flood on 8 August 2003

                                      

In that project TBM ( Tunnel Boring Machine ) were not used because of the inability to see inside mountain instead of it blasting and digging are used.

                                      

• Highlights:

Length: 9.02 KM

Atal tunnel is above 10,000 feet at Rohatang pass

Shape: Horseshoe

Construction Technique: Drill & Blast with NATM

Tunnel Built Method: New Austrian Tunnelling Method

Emergency tunnel has been integrated in the tunnel which is 2.25 m tall & 3.6 m wide

In that tunnel CCTV cameras, announcement system, vehicular management & pollution monitoring using pollution sensors

Overview:

Atal Tunnel Rohatang

New Austrian Tunneling Method

New Austrian Tunneling Method ( NATM ) is also known as Sequential Excavation Method or Sprayed Concrete Lining Method. It is generally used in excavation of tunnel in extreme critical situation. This method is recently used in World's Longest Highway Tunnel that is Atal Rohatang Tunnel situated in India.

    

Key Highlights:

• To increase the strength of ground around the tunnel.
• To club off the strength of ground.
• It is suitable in every geological condition
• It is a modern technique.
• It is most cost effective and flexible method
• It is used in region where geological conditions are vary.
• This method is used instead of TBM ( Tunnel Boring Machine )

  

Procedure:

• First of all the blasting is done.
• After the blasting the thin layer of shotcrete.

                                             

• Shotcrete provide protection against loosing of material and rock eformation
• After providing shotcrete the permanent support is laid.

History of the Cement!!!

Cement :

It is the product manufactured by burning & crushing to powder an intimate & well proportion mixture of calcareous and argillaceous material is known as cement

• Cement is the main ingredient in modern construction material "concrete"
• Concrete is prepared by mixing of sand, aggregate and cement with addition of water.
• The most common type of cement is "Portland Cement".
• Portland cement is discovered by "Joseph Aspdin" from England.
• Joseph Aspdin was the first men to take a patent of 'Portland Cement'  in October 1824.
  
• Portland cement was first manufactured 1904 in India by the company named as 'India Industrial Limited, Madras' but it is failed
• During 1912 and 1913, 'The Indian Cement Company' was founded at Porbandar
• After that three factories were established.
• After five year plan, the manufacturing of cement is increased.
• Now, there are many manufacturers of cement. 
• As it is, India holds the fifth position in the world in manufacturing of cement.